The Erechtheum: Significant Temple in Ancient Greece

What are the defining features of The Erechtheum?

A) Corinthian order (acanthus leaves)

B) Synthesis of Greek (Ionic columns) and Etruscan architectural elements

C) Colonnaded courts

D) Vaulted dome architecture

Answer:

The Erechtheion is a significant temple from Ancient Greece located on the Acropolis of Athens, known for its Ionic columns and the caryatid porch.

The Erechtheion is an ancient Greek temple on the Acropolis of Athens, built between 421 and 406 BCE. It is notable for various architectural elements including Ionic columns and its unique porch supported by caryatids. The temple incorporates multiple sacred spaces and was designed with respect to the complex topography of the Acropolis, honoring ancient Athenian kings and gods.

Unlike the later Corinthian order characterized by acanthus leaves on the capitals, the Erechtheion embodies earlier Ionic features, distinguishing it from Roman temples that often employed the more elaborate Corinthian style.