The Impact of Genetic Mutation on Hummingbirds' Beaks

What is the most likely result of a hummingbird born with a short, stout beak due to a genetic mutation?

Final answer:

A hummingbird with a short, stout beak mutation is likely to face difficulties in feeding on nectar from deep-throated flowers, potentially leading it to feed on insects and spiders instead (Option A).

Explanation:

Hummingbirds have long, slender beaks that allow them to feed on the nectar of deep-throated flowers. These beaks have evolved over time to perfectly match the structure of tubular flowers, enabling hummingbirds to access the nectar efficiently. However, when a genetic mutation occurs, resulting in a hummingbird being born with a short, stout beak, it can significantly impact the bird's ability to feed.

Since the beak shape is crucial for accessing the nectar, the mutation may lead to different feeding habits or lower chances of survival. The hummingbird with the mutation will likely struggle to reach the nectar in deep-throated flowers, which can hinder its ability to obtain essential nutrients. In such a scenario, the bird may need to find alternative food sources to sustain itself.

Hummingbirds primarily feed on nectar from flowers, but they can also consume insects and spiders as a source of protein. In the case of a hummingbird with a short, stout beak that cannot effectively feed on nectar, it may shift its diet towards insects and spiders instead. While this adaptation can help the bird fulfill its nutritional needs, it may not be as efficient as nectar feeding and could pose challenges in the long run.

Therefore, Option A - "This hummingbird will eat insects and spiders instead of nectar" - is the most likely result of a hummingbird born with a short, stout beak due to a genetic mutation. While the bird may try to adapt to its altered feeding habits, the mutation could potentially impact its survival and reproductive success compared to hummingbirds with typical beak structures.